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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Indirect Heating of Tanks
Indirect heating uses a heat transfer medium to transfer the heat to the tank. Indirect methods can vary from external heating of the tank using the tank wall as the heating medium to utilizing a heat transfer medium to carry the heat to the tank. In addition, pipe insert heaters have been included in this category because they use an air space between the element and the process to convey the heat. There are various advantages to indirect heating. The biggest advantage is that the heater can typically be serviced without draining the tank. Second, indirect heating often allows watt density exposed to the process fluid to be lowered by spreading the heat over a larger surface. Finally, overheat conditions can be limited in many instances by simply limiting the temperature of the heat transfer medium. There are a few minor disadvantages to indirect heating that may be critical to your process. The primary disadvantage is the thermal lag caused by using a heat transfer medium to carry the heat. The delay is caused by the fact that the heater must first heat the heat transfer medium before the heat transfer medium can heat the process. If there is a large mass of heat transfer medium, larger heating capacities will be required to raise temperatures.
Pipe Insert Heaters - Specifications.pdf
How to Extend the Life of Your Immersion Heaters-2.pdf
Pipe Insert Heaters Wiring Diagrams-2.pdf
Pipe Insert Heaters-Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions.pdf
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Heating Using Pipe Insert Heaters
A pipe insert heater uses an element
inserted into a sealed pipe. The advantage to the pipe insert heater is that
the element is isolated from the process. This allows the element to be removed
without draining the tank, isolates hazardous or corrosive materials from
deteriorating the element, and if sized properly may allow the heat to be
distributed over a larger surface area reducing the watt density exposed to the
process. Consideration of element expansion both in length and in the element
supports on the inner diameter must be considered when designing a pipe insert
heater. The internal heaters of pipe insert heaters consist of screw plugs,
flanged heaters, or open coil elements (OCE) inserted into a pipe. Pipe insert
heaters must have a separate temperature controller mounted outside of the pipe
to regulate the process temperature. An over temperature device should be
installed and attached to the top of the pipe at the highest point. Packaged
Systems offer a control panel with the necessary switchgear and temperature
controls along with the heaters.
The Incoloy sheathed element(s) inside the
pipe are carefully designed for this applicaton, and transfer their heat to the
inside pipe wall by convection and radiation. The large surface area of the
pipe in contact with your liquid greatly reduces the intensity making the pipe
insert heater ideally suited for heating:
-Very viscous materials like Bunker C
Fuel Oil
-Temperature sensitive materials like honey, glucose & liquid sugars
- Bulk storage of corrosive Material
Application:
Incoloy 800 is used for all pipe insert
heating applications. Maximum sheath temperature 1400�F. Watt densities of
10-30 W/Sq. in are mainly used.
Terminal Enclosures:
NEMA
1 Sheet Metal Housing (Intended for indoor
use only)
NEMA
4 (Standard) Moisture Resistant Terminal Housing
NEMA
4X Epoxy Painted or Stainless Steel Moisture
Resistant Terminal Housing
NEMA
7 Hazardous Location Terminal Housing
Thermostat Application
Since the thermostat will be located
inside the pipe, it will be measuring the internal pipe temperature. The
thermostat is intended for high limit purposes and is not suitable for process
control. A separate temperature sensor, like a type “J” thermocouple will be
required to control the process.
Complete Pipe Insert Heating Systems
Screw
plug and Flanged assemblies are available complete with a pipe when
installation of a pipe into the tank is not feasible or desirable. The pipe
wells are 2” or 2 �” NPT schedule 40 carbon steel in the standard designs.
Stainless steel pipes and connection fittings are available for chemical
corrosion for or immersion into food products.
Installation Instructions
Before installing,
check your pipe insert heater for any damage that may have occurred
during shipment.
Check to insure
that the line voltage is the same as that stamped on the nameplate.
Do not bend the
heating elements. If bending is necessary, consult factory.
Important: Mount heater in the tank so
that the liquid level will always be above the effective
heated portion of the heater .If the heater is not properly
submerged, it may overheat and
damage the heating elements and create a possible fire hazard
due to excessive sheath
temperatures.
Where work will
pass over or near equipment, additional protection such as a metal guard may
be
needed.
Heater must not
be operated in sludge.
Install the
heater using a high quality pipe sealing compound on the threads. Screw the
heater
into the opening. Tighten sufficiently with wrench applied on the hex
portion of the screw plug.
Note: Locate Heater as low as possible for maximum liquid storage capacity. Heat does not move downward.
Warning: Hazard of Shock. Any installation involving electric heaters must be effectively grounded in accordance with the National Electrical Code.
Wiring
Electric wiring
to heater must be installed in accordance with the National Electrical Code and
with local codes by a qualified person as defined in the NEC. WARNING: Use copper
conductors only.
When element
wattages are not equal, heaters must not be connected in series.
Electrical wiring
to heater should be contained in rigid conduit or in sealed flexible hose to
keep
corrosive vapors and liquids out of the terminal housing.
If flexible cord
is employed, a watertight connector should be used for entry of the cord into
the
terminal box. Outdoor applications require liquid-tight conduit and
connectors.
Bring the power
line wires through the opening in the terminal box. Connect line wires as shown
in the wiring diagram.
Operation
Do not operate
heaters at voltages in excess of that stamped on the heater since excess
voltage
will shorten heater life.
Always maintain a
minimum of 2” of liquid above the heater to prevent exposure of the effective
heated length. If the heater is not properly submerged, it may overheat and
shorten heater life.
Do not operate
heater if tank is dry.
Be sure all
trapped air is removed from a closed tank. Bleed the air out of the liquid
piping
system and heater housing prior to energizing.
Note: The tank or
heating chamber in closed tank systems must be kept filled
with liquid at all
times.
Keep heating
elements above sediment deposits.
Low Megohm
Condition — The refractory materials
used in electric heaters may absorb
moisture during transit or when subject to
a humid environment. This moisture absorption
results in a cold insulation
resistance of less than twenty megohms. Normally, this megohm
value corrects
itself after heatup and does not affect heater efficiency or life. A low megohm
condition can easily be corrected by removing the terminal hardware and terminal
enclosure
and baking the heater in an oven at 350�F for several hours,
preferably overnight. Note: The
lid must be removed from the housing. An
alternate procedure is to energize the heaters at low
voltage until the megohm
reading returns to normal. When energizing
heaters in air, the sheath
temperature should not exceed 750�F.
Maintenance
WARNING: Hazard of Shock. Disconnect all power to heater before servicing or replacing heaters.
Heaters should be
checked periodically for coatings and corrosion and cleaned if necessary.
The tank should
be checked regularly for sediment around the heater pipe insert as sediment
can
act as an insulator and shorten heater life.
Remove any
accumulated sludge deposits from around pipe and from tank.
Check for loose
terminal connections and tighten if necessary.
If corrosion is
indicated in the terminal housing, check terminal box gasket and replace if
necessary. Check conduit layout to correct conditions that allow corrosion to
enter the terminal
housing.
Clean terminal ends
of all contamination
How To Order Pipe Insert Heaters
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